Joints

A huge number of systemic pathologies can lead to a significant reduction in quality of life, complete loss of performance and even severe disability.Diseases associated with the musculoskeletal system occur not only in old age.Every 2-3 case is observed in patients of working age.The most dangerous and poorly susceptible to correction is arthritis.

This degenerative disease is accompanied by cartilage dilution in large and small joints, which leads to a reduction in the range of movements and severe pain when trying to perform them.It is possible to avoid serious consequences only as a result of the appointment of adequate treatment in the very early stages of disease development.In this article we will find the causes of development, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, modern methods of diagnosis and articulation treatment.

The prevalence of the articulation

Paying attention to the statistical indicators, it can be found that arthritis is a very relevant disease and each year the frequency of its appearance only increases.According to the World Health Organization, the pathology is observed in seven percent of the planet's population.This puts it in the first place in the frequency of detection compared to other musculoskeletal disorders.

Arthritis is a chronic disease of the joints of non -inflammatory etiology, leading to deformations in affected areas

The degeneration of cartilage is often observed in young people, more often it can be found in men.In young girls, interfaces are often detected.After reaching the age of fifty, the incidence of damage and focus identification becomes about the same for both sex representatives and is about 60%.

From the data presented, it can be understood that it is extremely important to identify the pathology in the early stages for the most effective pharmaceutical treatment.Otherwise, the treatment of started arthritis will be inaccessible to most elderly patients in relation to the economic ingredient.

Causes and Risk Factors to Develop Articulation

The incidence of joint disease occurrence has led to the fact that the problem is acute in the medical circles of highly developed countries.Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent on studies on arthritis from top clinics per year.The gradual study of the problem has made it possible to find the pathogenesis of the process and the factors that can increase the likelihood of the disease.

The modern and more complete classification of the degeneration of the joints will be presented below, at this stage it is sufficient to understand that the primary and secondary forms are distinguished.

The reasons that can lead to the development of a secondary joint disease include:

• Congenital changes associated with blood supply to articular joints.
• cartilage injury, links or bone growth animals.
• Metabolism -related violations, especially with a mineral ligament.
• autoimmune pathologies.
• Infections that affect bone tissue.
• haemophilia.

Primary article is an independent disease, it can develop as a result of the effect of such provocative factors:

• old age;
• the presence of excessive body weight.
• excessive physical activity;
• Surgical interventions in the joint;
• Genetic predisposition.
• insufficient intake of calcium and other minerals;
• chronic poisoning.
• Long and frequent stay at low temperatures.
• Frequent bone joint injury.

The mechanism for the development of the articulation

The normal bone joint consists of two or more heads of the joint, the connection, the cartilage and the synovial fluid.All of these structures provide mobility in a particular area of the musculoskeletal system without pain, they also allow the load taken with walking and jumping, scattering it without causing damage to the body.

The joints of the joints belongs to a group of diseases of multimalist origin.This means that the cause of development is most often the influence of an entire complex of activators, including professional harmful, overweight, elderly and malnutrition.The pathogenesis is that some influences lead to significant blood supply and lymph node flow from the specified area.

Further, chondrocytes lose the ability to rapid regeneration and products of a normal amount of intra -articular fluid, which reduces the friction of surfaces during movement.Gradually, the cartilage becomes rough and begins to wash under the influence of pressure during active body movements.

Gradually, the compensatory capabilities of the tissues are exhausted and a layer of coarse cells is gradually deleted.When degeneration reaches the bones, severe pain develops and mobility is significantly reduced.Without proper treatment, the patient may completely lose the ability of active movements and even maintain their needs independently.

Articulation

The person does not find out what arthritis is, the disease begins gradually and does not occur in the early stages.Over time, the patient notes the appearance of light pain without certain identification, which is strengthened in the context of significant physical activity.The growing degeneration leads to the fact that pains occur in small motions and gain a clear position.

Less notable arthritis development symptoms include:

• "Aches" pain in case of weather.
• crunching when moving.
• rigidity in the morning.
• Muscle cramps.

With deep cartilage damage, there are signs that show local inflammation, such as edema, redness of the skin and local temperature increase.If a person does not seek help from a physician, the symptoms go ahead and begin to appear not only on the background of physical exercises but also in calm.

The dilution of a layer of coarse cells results in joint deformation and violation of normal limb function.When it feels the pathological focus, the patient will mark the points of the greatest pain.In addition, the rim of the cartilage will be significantly thick along its edge, which will indicate compensatory hypertrophy.

Pain

A large number of bone joint violations lead to some difficulties in the process of differential diagnosis.However, having evaluated the nature of pain, one can distinguish arthritis from arthritis of another etiology.In the described state, painful sensations appear, as a rule, when you try to perform active movements.Its intensity will gradually increase when trying to increase the load on the damaged joint.

The described clinical picture corresponds to the first stage of the process.In the second and third stage of evolution, the pains occur even in a full rest state, you can only stop them by giving a comfortable place for the end.The difference between arthritis is the continuous presence of pain, which does not disappear when the position changes and intensifies at night.

Joint show

The destruction of the natural structure of the cartilage causes active proliferation of chondrovlators, but every multipurpose cell in our body has a certain division limit.This phenomenon is called a compensatory buffer.This means that after a certain amount of mitotic divisions, the cell dies and can no longer reproduce its own species.

After some time, this causes a change to the normal shape of the joint gap, the appearance of the so -called "Christ" or the developing in the lumen and its recesses.This phenomenon only exacerbates the process, since the spikes formed during the destruction process cause additional damage during movement.

Due to the change in the normalcy of the articular surface, the appearance of the ridge and irregularities, the range of active and passive movements is significantly reduced.It is this symptom that often makes the patient seek medical help.Unfortunately, at this stage, the effectiveness of drug treatment becomes very low, only the correction of the surgical joint can correct the condition.

Characteristics include:

• High chance of developing "contraction" or complete disappearance of active and passive movements at the end.
• The stock is observed throughout the day and not just in the morning, as in arthritis.
• In some cases, the end must fade manually to give it a more convenient position.

Sounds in the joint

Many have heard a characteristic "crisp" sound when they knead joints.There is a theory that in a healthy face this phenomenon is observed when the pressure on the bone joint capsule in the capsule changes as a result, the density of the synovial fluid changes dramatically and the gas bubbles, which are rapidly found in it, grow and explode, creating a similarity.This phenomenon is not dangerous, but with arthritis a similar sound appears as a result of other procedures.

The cartilage of the crystal was formed during the destruction of the cartilage of the joint and the lip of the joint, leading to the formation of cracks and renovating the device's device.Even an inexperienced person will be able to distinguish the sound in the joint with arthritis - it is rugged and "dry".The severity and volume of the described symptom is directly proportional to the stage of the disease.

The details of the sounds in the arthritis joint are:

• Their presence only in the stunning joint.
• It is always accompanied by deterioration of mobility.
• The area evolves in the later stages of the disease.

Change the appearance of the joint

In the early stages of article development, the process does not lead to a change in the form of bone joint.A remarkable change can only be observed with a neglected disease when part of the joint is completely deleted and the other produces cartilage cells.As a result, the pathological area increases significantly and loses its natural form.The specified symptom is extremely unfavorable, as the presence of deformation in the area, for example, knee or hip joint will always lead to changes in the area of the lower structures due to the shift of the axis of the cargo.

Types and stages of articulation

Modern articular classification is quite branched, due to the huge list of possible detection of pathological focus.

For the ease of communication between special medical centers and even countries on the issue of diagnosis and treatment of this disease, the main ones are distinguished:

• Hands arthritis.
• cervical;
• ankle;
• knee;
• Multiplexation.
• hip;
• spine.

When creating a diagnosis, a very important stage is precisely the exact determination of the stage of the devastating process.The stages of articulation development are distinguished:

Stage 1 - There are no entirely visible changes in the articular shape, disorders in the biochemical composition of the intra -business fluid is observed, an insignificant pain syndrome, supplemented by inflammatory manifestations in the joint.

Stage 2 - There is a degenerative process in the cartilage fabric, the forms of "Christ", stiffness and significant pain syndrome during movements are united.The distribution of the surrounding muscle joint develops.

Stage 3 - The presence of extensive outbreaks of cartilage destruction is determined, the shape of the joint changes, the width of active and passive movements at the edges decreases significantly or completely absent.Often in patients at this stage, conventions are developed that completely stop moving in the affected area.

Complications

An uncontrolled process of destruction can lead to serious complications that, in addition to reducing quality of life, lead to a complete inability to take care of itself.

The most difficult includes:

• Complete destruction of the cartilage tissue of the joint.
• contraction
• the appearance of ledge gardens in the intervertebral discs.
• serious disability of the patient;
• Significant deformation of the limb.

Articulation

Unfortunately, many patients, unfortunately, learn about what arthritis is and how to deal with it at these stages, when a significant result is no longer possible to achieve a significant effect.It is necessary to participate in the correction of the state of the musculoskeletal system after the appearance of the first symptoms and lifelong.This is due to the fact that the impact of the factors that contribute to the development of the disease is rarely possible to prevent.For example, age -related changes in blood supply and flow of lymph nodes from the joint require the constant use of vascular drugs.Given the pathogenesis, treatment should be complex and comprehensive.Initially, after the appearance of unpleasant sensations when moving, refer to a specialist in the rheumatological profile or injury.The doctor, based on laboratory and organic diagnostics, will create an accurate diagnosis and solve the issue of prescription adequate treatment.

Drug treatment

In the early stages of the article, you can correct the condition with the help of drugs.For this purpose such medicines are used:

• Hormones of the adrenal cortex.
• Non -hystoidal anti -inflammatory drugs.
• Preparations with chondroprotable results.

A complex influence makes it possible to save the patient by pain, leveling the inflammatory process and to restore normal blood supply as soon as possible.

The last treatment

Advanced developments in the field of drug treatment have led to the creation of new drugs, which essentially replace the natural synovial fluid.Developed molecules can significantly reduce the process of degeneration of the cartilage, reduce pain and save the patient from inflammatory phenomena.The artificial articular fluid is inserted directly into the joint bag each week.The duration of a treatment course is 3-5 weeks.Usually, the result achieved is enough for a person's normal life for 6-12 months.Patients claim that comfort and quality of life improve significantly.Unfortunately, this tactic applies only to people with 1-2 signs.

Surgical treatment

With severe damage to large joints, such as hip or knee, at a relatively young age of up to 60 years, patients are offered a business to complete the joint.Today, ceramic and titanium transplants are used that can fully restore lost functions.These devices are quite strong and are able to provide the patient for up to 20 years of life without problems with mobility in replacement joints.

Folk recipes

Non -traditional medicine is widely used in the treatment of articulation.This is due to the fact that after stopping an acute process, lifelong treatment is required, with the aim of restoring and maintaining the physical structure of the cartilage.To achieve the goals, the products used must be safe and more natural.

Compressors and decoction lotions of the following plants are very popular:

• Ginger root.
• cinnamon;
• Kalanchoe?
• turmeric;
• celery.

Arthritis diet

In the treatment of presented pathology, it is extremely important to provide the body a stable intake of nutrients.This can only be achieved if it complies with proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and nutritional feeds in the content of proteins, fats.To draw up the most appropriate power circuit, you need to seek help from a nutritionist.It is necessary to remove fast carbohydrates and alcohol from the diet.The base of the table should be fish, red meat dishes and fresh fruit.

It is very important to comply with the following nutritional rules for arthritis:

• balance;
• Eating 5-6 times a day in small portions.
• Don't eat after 19:00.
• To get rid of excess body weight.

Prevention

There is no specific prevention of arthritis today due to multinational status.

You can warn the onset of the disease by observing general recommendations:

• proper nutrition;
• Moderate physical activity 2-3 times a week.
• Normalization of body weight.
• Frequent fractional diet.
• compliance with personal hygiene rules;
• Denial of bad habits.

Conclusion

The presented pathological condition of the musculoskeletal system is often observed in elderly patients.It is necessary to increase the incidence of early diagnosis of the disease, as only in this case it is possible to calculate a successful result from conservative treatment.The prognosis of the ability to work, subject to the timely identification and observance of all the doctor's prescriptions, is favorable.The presence of the third stage article is accompanied by an unfavorable prognosis and can lead to the patient's complete inability to serve himself.

However, even the most serious form of the disease is adapted with the help of surgical treatment, the disadvantages of which are:

• trauma of business;
• high cost;
• Long recovery period.
• It cannot be applied to patients over 60 years of age.